{"id":4425,"date":"2018-09-21T19:47:07","date_gmt":"2018-09-21T23:47:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/?p=4425"},"modified":"2018-09-21T19:48:45","modified_gmt":"2018-09-21T23:48:45","slug":"personality-and-emotions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/personality\/personality-and-emotions\/","title":{"rendered":"Personality and emotions"},"content":{"rendered":"<table width=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\"><u>Personality and emotions<\/u><\/p>\n<p><strong>Terminology<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"48\">&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Affect<\/td>\n<td width=\"48\">\uf0e0<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">Valence<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Emotion<\/td>\n<td width=\"48\">\uf0e0<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">Anger, sadness, joy\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stress response<\/td>\n<td width=\"48\">\uf0e0<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">Basic fear<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Emotional episode<\/td>\n<td width=\"48\">\uf0e0<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">Break-up, bar fight<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"192\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mood<\/td>\n<td width=\"48\">\uf0e0<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">Euphoria, depression<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Dimensional approach<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Broad dimensions of experience\n<ul>\n<li>Unpleasant vs. pleasant<\/li>\n<li>Sleepy vs. aroused<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Positive and negative affectivity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Discrete approach<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Primary and distinct emotions<\/p>\n<p>\uf0b7 E.g., anger, joy, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise.<\/p>\n<h2>Emotions are based on different criteria<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Distinct facial expression that is cross-culturally recognized (Ekman)<\/li>\n<li>It has unique motivational properties (Frijda; Izard)<\/li>\n<li>Lights up in the brain (Gray; Tomkins)<\/li>\n<li>It is unlearned or involves very little cognition (Mower; Oatley &amp; Johnson-Laird)<\/li>\n<li>Many more<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>States vs. Traits (Analogy: Weather vs. Climate)<\/h3>\n<p><em>Stdtes<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Momentary<\/li>\n<li>Situational<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Trdits<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Enduring<\/li>\n<li>Tendencies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Measuring emotions<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Dimensional\n<ul>\n<li>PANAS (Positive and negative affect schedule)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Discrete\n<ul>\n<li>Specific emotion ratings<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Measuring emotions via behavior &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nonverbal<\/h2>\n<p>\uf0b7 Facial expressions and body posture.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Verbal\n<ul>\n<li>Content<\/li>\n<li>Intonation (Prosody)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Physiology\n<ul>\n<li>Heart rate<\/li>\n<li>Cortisol levels<\/li>\n<li>Skin temperature<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Personality measures for well-being<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>High E \uf0e0 Positive emotions<\/li>\n<li>High N \uf0e0 Negative emotions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Experiential purchasing and happiness<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Experiential purchasing made with intention of acquiring a life experience.<\/li>\n<li>Relatively buffered against adaptations.\n<ul>\n<li>Gives you something to look forward to<\/li>\n<li>Social interactions likely<\/li>\n<li>Memories and relationships \uf0e0 identity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Content vs. Style of emotional life<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Content = The kind of emotions someone experiences.<\/li>\n<li>Style = How emotions are experienced.\n<ul>\n<li>Intensity<\/li>\n<li>Variability<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em><u>Summary:<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Knowing about how and why people differ in their emotional reactivity is important for understanding personality<\/li>\n<li>Two major ways to study emotions are the dimensional and discrete approaches<\/li>\n<li>Emotional states are fleeting, traits are enduring (remember weather vs. climate)<\/li>\n<li>Emotions are mostly assessed via self-report, but actual behavior can also be measured Emotional traits offer a more specific way of looking at personality<\/li>\n<li>When we talk about style of emotional life we are referring to how variable and intense people\u2019s emotional experiences are<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Personality and emotions Terminology &nbsp; &nbsp; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Affect \uf0e0 Valence \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Emotion \uf0e0 Anger, sadness, joy\u2026 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stress response \uf0e0 Basic fear \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Emotional episode&hellip; <a class=\"continue\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/personality\/personality-and-emotions\/\">Continue Reading<span> Personality and emotions<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[111],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4425"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4425"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4425\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4425"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4425"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4425"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}