What is counselling? An interpersonal relationship between someone actively seeking help and someone willing to give help who is capable or trained too help in a setting that permits [...]

Law VS ethics Law and ethics are not the same thing but obviously related If you practice ethically you wont break the law e.g. a psychologist can break confidentiality [...]

Freud Father of psychoanalysis His views continue to influence contemporary practice He experienced a number of severe emotional problems of his own and engaged in selfanalysis   Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic Freud’s [...]

Alfred Alder Member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society Proposed the aggression instinct Departed from psychoanalysis and founded the Society of Individual psychology Not as keen on the deterministic approach [...]

Existentialism Existential therapy stems from existential philosophyàà what does it mean to exist? It is not a clearly defined model- has few techniques Emphasis on freedom choice Lots of [...]

Autonomic NS response Stress activates the ANSàà fight or flight response -      Activation of the F/F response results in: Increased blood flowàà increased blood pressure, heart rate, blood [...]

Carl Rogers Considered the founder of PCT He wanted to create climate, growth and choice. He believed that no one is necessarily evil Opposed institutionalization of therapy ‘schools’ as [...]

The family systems perspective During the 1950s the systemic family therapy began to take root Individuals are best understood through assessing the interactions within an entire family. The development [...]

Behavioral Therapy Emphasis on what can be seen, observed or measured Behavior is something that can be operationally defined- it includes overt actions as well as internal processes such [...]

What does postmodern mean? Postmodern is a word used to describe changes in the ways people think- especially the way they view reality Postmodernity refuses to allow any single [...]

Psychotherapy Integration Integration is combining concepts and techniques from various approaches Key is to find ways to integrate features from different approaches to help clients on all 3 levels [...]

The importance of evidence based practice Psychology is invisible, abstract and difficult to define. People can be a bit cynical about psychology. Psychotherapy is an art as much as [...]